SKIP (System of Kanji Indexing by Patterns) numbers are derived from the New Japanese-English Character Dictionary (Kenkyusha 1990, NTC 1993) and The Kodansha Kanji Learner's Dictionary (Kodansha International, 1999). SKIP is protected by copyright, copyleft and patent laws. The commercial or non-commercial utilization of SKIP in any form is strictly forbidden without the written permission of Jack Halpern, the copyright holder. Such permission is normally granted. Please contact jack@kanji.org and/or see http://www.kanji.org.