Regional Access Network
-consists of regional access zones
-is separated from core network by routes, firewall filters and IP addressing selection (e.g. private/grey addresses) in routers
-this also conserves IP addresses
-user will have a fixed (meaning the user gets the same IP address all the time) real address or dynamic real address from the pool when they establish the VPN connection from their terminals
-users are usually clients of the operator x so there exists client – service provider relationship

Regional Access Zone:
-consists of several access points connected to a (wireless) router
-may be located behind a wireless link
-access points filter the traffic based on for example MAC address
-when the WLAN device wants to join to access point, the access point asks authentication server if this MAC address is allowed to join